The Role of Primary Care in Improving Type 2 Diabetes Management: A Family Medicine Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.511Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health challenge, with rising prevalence and significant economic and social burdens. Primary care, particularly family medicine, plays a pivotal role in early detection, continuous monitoring, and preventive strategies for T2DM management. This study examines the effectiveness of a family medicine approach in improving diabetes outcomes through structured interventions, patient-centered care, and multidisciplinary support.
Methods: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in primary care clinics, involving 250 adult patients with T2DM. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and electronic medical records, focusing on demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment adherence, lifestyle behaviors, and patient perceptions of family medicine care. Statistical analyses included descriptive and inferential methods to evaluate associations between variables such as glycemic control (HbA1c <7%) and follow-up frequency.
Results: The majority of participants were aged 45–59 years (49%), with balanced gender distribution (51% male, 49% female). Only 32% achieved good glycemic control (HbA1c <7%), while comorbidities like hypertension (63%) and high cholesterol (55%) were prevalent. Medication adherence was moderate (69% never/rarely missed doses), but lifestyle behaviors were suboptimal (39% followed a diet plan, 33% engaged in regular exercise). Most patients (56%) reported clear communication from physicians, and 61% received lifestyle counseling. High satisfaction (84%) and perceived control (80%) were noted, with 85% recommending family medicine for diabetes care.
Conclusion: Family medicine-based interventions demonstrate strengths in patient communication and satisfaction but highlight gaps in glycemic control and lifestyle adherence. The findings underscore the need for enhanced individualized care, structured lifestyle counseling, and systemic improvements to optimize T2DM management in primary care settings. Future strategies should focus on strengthening multidisciplinary collaboration and addressing barriers to improve diabetes outcomes.
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