The Role of Physical Therapy in Improving Movement and Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy; Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.551Keywords:
Cerebral palsy, physical therapy, balance, movement, neurodevelopmental therapy, virtual rehabilitation, pediatric physiotherapyAbstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) significantly impairs movement and balance in children. Physical therapy (PT) is a foundational approach to managing motor deficits, yet there remains variability in evidence regarding its effectiveness.
Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the role of various physical therapy interventions in improving movement and balance among children with CP.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for studies published between 2005 and 2023. Studies were selected based on relevance to PT interventions in children with CP. Only quantitative studies were included. Risk of bias was assessed using PEDro and JBI tools. Data extraction focused on intervention type, outcome measures, and functional improvements.
Results: Twenty studies met inclusion criteria, including randomized controlled trials, quasi-experiments, pilot studies, and systematic reviews. Traditional therapies such as neurodevelopmental therapy and task-specific training improved gross motor function. Technology-driven interventions, particularly Wii-based therapy and serious games, showed substantial improvements in dynamic balance and engagement. Early intervention, core training, and biofeedback-supported strategies produced significant gains in posture and gait regulation.
Conclusions: Physical therapy remains essential in pediatric CP rehabilitation, especially when therapy is initiated early and involves interactive, balance-focused tasks. Multimodal and engaging interventions appear to yield superior functional outcomes. Future research should aim for standardization in protocols and outcomes.
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