The Chinese version of the Citizenship Measures: Internal consistency and test-retest reliability among Chinese adults in mental recovery

Chinese Citizenship Measures

Authors

  • Fiona Yan-Yan Wong, PhD
  • Keith Kin-Lung Wong, PhD
  • Paul Chi-Wai Lam, PhD
  • Lok-Yan Chin
  • Tim Cheung-Tim Fung, PhD
  • Michael Rowe, MD

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.583

Abstract

Citizenship is a person's connection to the 5 R's of rights, responsibilities, roles, resources, and relationships. This study aimed to develop the Citizenship Measures (CM) (Chinese) and test its internal consistency and test-retest reliability followed by assessing the degree to which individuals in recovery in Hong Kong engaged with social citizenship. The original English version was translated into Chinese, and then back-translated, followed by a cognitive interview. Individuals aged ≥18 years who were receiving community mental health services completed the CM (Chinese).  An overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96 was found, indicating excellent internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.83, indicating good test-retest reliability.  The CM (Chinese) is a reliable tool for assessing the degree to which individuals in recovery in Hong Kong perceive themselves to be citizens and measuring changes in the seven clusters associated with citizenship between two assessment time-points.

Author Biographies

Fiona Yan-Yan Wong, PhD

Richmond Fellowship of Hong Kong

Keith Kin-Lung Wong, PhD

Richmond Fellowship of Hong Kong

Paul Chi-Wai Lam, PhD

Richmond Fellowship of Hong Kong

Lok-Yan Chin

Richmond Fellowship of Hong Kong

Tim Cheung-Tim Fung, PhD

Richmond Fellowship of Hong Kong

Michael Rowe, MD

Yale University

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Published

2025-08-28