Prescription Pattern of Analgesics for Pain Relief in Post-Operative Orthopedic Patients in Tch
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.719Keywords:
Aceclofenac, diclofenac, tramadol, pain intensity scales, fractures.Abstract
Pain is defined as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage. Uncontrolled pain is a major impediment to post-operative functional recovery and is a persistent problem. Older adults who undergo lower extremity orthopaedic surgery (e.g., hip and knee arthroplasty, hip fracture repair) experience intense post-operative pain and are at risk for sub-optimal analgesic therapy. Higher pain levels following lower extremity orthopaedic surgery have been associated with increased lengths of stay, increased complications, delays in ambulation, impaired functional recovery, and increased suffering.
Aim: This main aim of the study is to assess the intensity of pain in patients in orthopaedic unit; and to describe the analgesia plan and drugs used.
Objectives:
- Prescribing trends of analgesics in postoperative orthopaedic patients.
- Assessing the intensity and relief of pain in postoperative orthopaedic patients.
- Tolerability assessment by monitoring the incidence of adverse events.
Methodology:
A total of 155 patients were included in this hospital based prospective, observational study conducted in orthopaedic department at Lalitha Super Specialty Hospital. Patients were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and reviewed daily to study the effect of analgesic drugs in post-operative patients. The data was collected on the patient profile form. Pain assessment was done once a day, during immediate postoperative (IPO) period- until 24 hours after surgery; 1st postoperative period (1stPO) - from 24 to 48 hours after surgery; and 2nd postoperative (2ndPO) period - from 48 to 72 hours after surgery in these patients was done through Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Verbal pain intensity scale, 0 – 10 numeric pain intensity scale and faces scale.
Results:
Mean average of 1st PO, 2nd PO and 3rd PO results were assessed. Paired t-test was conducted to assess the comparison of pain relief according to age for the patients 50 years (1st PO – 8.07±0.97, 2nd PO – 6±1.46 and 3rd PO – 3.5±1.23). Based on these findings, Severity of pain is more in >50 years group (7.82), than in < 50years group at first post-operative period (8.07). But the mean 2nd PO period pain was decreased similarly in both groups (3.5). Pain assessment score was also done in combination of analgesics. Based on P value obtained, Tramadol + Aceclofenac combination was found to be effective.
Conclusion:
The study, analgesics prescribing pattern and assessing the intensity and relief of pain in postoperative orthopaedic patients concluded that the rational use of analgesics had decreased the pain on 3rd postoperative day.
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