Distribution of Wilms' Tumor according to age, gender, SIOP clinical staging and various histopathological patterns in a tertiary care hospital Karachi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i3.732Keywords:
Childhood malignancies, Histopathology, Nephroblastoma, SIOP staging, Wilms' tumor (WT)Abstract
Background:Wilms' tumor (WT), or nephroblastoma, is the most common malignant renal tumor in children, accounting for 6.7% of pediatric cancers universal.
Objective: To analyze the WT according to age, gender, SIOP clinical staging and various histopathological patterns at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, over a six-year period
Materials and Method: A retrospective analysis of 54 confirmed WT cases was conducted from June 2016 to June 2022. Histopathological and clinical data were obtained, with clinical staging following the SIOP system. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: Wilms' tumor accounted 3.7% of all pediatric malignancies during the study period. The majority of cases (77.8%) were diagnosed in children less than five years of age, with a mean age of 3.1 years. Males were more frequently affected (57.4%) than females (42.6%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.35:1. Most tumors were diagnosed at early stages i-e Stage I (46.3%) and Stage II (20.4%). Favorable histology was found in 96.3% of cases, with biphasic (38.88%) and monophasic (22.22%) patterns being the most common.
Conclusion: The study confirms that Wilms' tumor in Pakistan exhibits age and gender distributions similar to global patterns, with most cases presenting at early stages and having favorable histology. Early detection and treatment are essential for better outcomes. Further research into genetic and environmental influences in this population is recommended to improve WT management.
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