Harnessing Costus Pictus D. For Sustainable Tio₂ Nanoparticles: Antimicrobial And Larvicidal Efficacy Unveiled
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.780Keywords:
Green synthesis, Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, Costus pictus, Antibacterial activity, Antifungal potential, Larvicidal efficacyAbstract
The present study explores the green synthesis, physicochemical characterization, and biomedical applications of biosynthesized TiO2 NPs using leaf extract of Costus pictus D. The synthesized TiO2 NPs were characterized through several techniques, including UV- Visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) analysis, HR-TEM, and DLS. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a distinct absorbance maximum at 313 nm, with an estimated energy bandgap of 3.24 eV, which was further supported by PL spectral analysis. Furthermore, Photoluminescence analysis indicated the occurrence of structural imperfections, including oxygen vacancies and self-trapped excitons, which influence the photonic behavior of the nanoparticles. HR-TEM revealed a uniform spherical morphology with an average particle size of 21 nm. In contrast, DLS measurements indicated a significantly larger hydrodynamic diameter of 657 nm, attributed to the inclusion of bio-capping agents. The moderate zeta potential of -6.47 mV suggests a reasonable level of colloidal stability. The antibacterial efficacy of the TiO2 nanoparticles was evaluated on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus subtilis showing the greatest sensitivity. Notably, antifungal activity was determined to be particularly effective against Aspergillus niger. At the same time, larvicidal assays demonstrated significant mortality rates in Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae, increasing proportionally with the concentration of the treatment. These findings underscore the multifunctional capabilities of Costus pictus- mediated TiO2 nanoparticles as eco-friendly antimicrobial and larvicidal agents, emphasizing their promising applications in biomedicine and environmental health.
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