Vitamin D And Disease Severity In Bronchiectasis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.785Keywords:
Bronchiectasis; Pulmonary Function Tests; Severity of Illness Index; Vitamin D.Abstract
Background: Bronchiectasis is an airway disease of chronic nature, which is associated with irreversible bronchial dilatation and frequent infections. Recent findings indicate that vitamin D because of its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects could affect the severity of diseases and respiratory outcomes.
Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was a descriptive study done over a period of six months in the department of chest medicine, JPMC, Karachi, upon receiving the ethical approval. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to enroll 89 adults with HRCT confirmed bronchiectasis. Patients who had traction bronchiectasis, active mycobacterial disease, malignancy, HIV, with the known disease related to vitamin D deficiency were not included. Bronchitis severity index (BSI) severity was determined with demographic, clinical, spirometric (FEV1, FVC), and data regarding the HRCT. The statistical conclusions were made using SPSS 25 with the chi-square and independent-samples t-tests, where p ≤ 0.05 is significant.
Results: Proper vitamin D deficiency was very high in 89 patients with bronchiectasis (62.9) and 12.4% had normal levels. There was a strong correlation between the deficiency of vitamin D and increased BSI (p = 0.01). Patients suffering deficient levels of vitamin D had lower FEV1 than those with normal or adequate levels (p = 0.03)
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is common in bronchiectasis and is significantly associated with greater disease severity and reduced lung function.
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