Ayurvedic Pathophysiology of Kushta: A Critical Review with Contemporary Dermatological Correlates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/ajpr.v28i5.884Keywords:
Kushta, Saptako Dravya Sangraha, Twak Vighyan, Kleda, Samprapti, Psoriasis, Cytokines, Charaka Samhita.Abstract
The Ayurvedic conceptualization of dermatological disorders, categorized under the comprehensive umbrella of Kushta, represents a sophisticated understanding of chronic inflammatory conditions of the integumentary system. This research paper provides a critical review of the pathophysiology (Samprapti) of Kushta as detailed in the classical Brihatrayi texts—Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya. The focus is directed toward the Saptako Dravya Sangraha, a unique pathogenic nexus comprising three vitiated Doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) and four Dushyas (Tvak, Rakta, Mamsa, Ambu). This review synthesizes ancient wisdom with contemporary dermatological correlates, exploring the roles of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, TNF-α), epidermal barrier dysfunction, and the skin microbiome. By mapping the eighteen types of Kushta—comprising seven Mahakushta and eleven Kshudrakushta—to modern disease entities such as psoriasis, leprosy, and atopic dermatitis, this paper offers an integrative framework for understanding the systemic nature of skin diseases. The study emphasizes the critical role of Kleda (pathological moisture) and its management through Shodhana (purificatory) and Shamana (palliative) therapies.
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